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Chinese ex-leader Hu Jintao left out of Congress ceremony_我的网站

A |         文 |地缘历史档案    编辑 |地缘历史档案[微风]    当地时间8月23日，中埃“文明之鹰-2026”空军联合训练迎来了首个飞行训练日。    Beijing, Oct 22 (UNI) Chinese former leader Hu Jintao has been left out of the closing ceremony of the Communist Party Congress, media reports said.

The frail-looking 79-year-old was sitting beside President Xi Jinping when he was approached and led away by officials. No explanation was given.

After its week-long congress, the party is expected to confirm Mr Xi, 69, for a historic third term, according to BBC reports.

The event, held in Beijing every five years, cemented his position as China's most powerful leader since Mao Zedong.

Hu Jintao, who held the presidency between 2003 and 2013, was on stage when two officials approached him. He said something to Xi Jinping, who nodded back.

Then Hu Jintao was escorted out of the Great Hall of the People.

Hu Jintao represents a very different China to that of Xi Jinping. He ran a much more collective leadership and had to balance various factions represented on the Politburo Standing Committee.

As general secretary of the Party, Xi has taken the country in a very different direction with him at the "core" and unable to be challenged.

The new Central Committee does not include Li Keqiang or Wang Yang, both seen as economic liberals, both linked to the ideas of the former administration.

Earlier on Saturday, the Central Committee of 205 senior party officials was elected. Delegates rubber-stamped amendments to the party's constitution endorsing Mr Xi's ideas as guiding principles for China's future.

Mr Xi currently combines the positions of general secretary of the Communist Party, president and head of the armed forces. He is also referred to as Paramount or Supreme leader.

On Sunday he is expected to be officially confirmed for a third term as general secretary and to unveil his new leadership team.

In 2018, he abolished the presidential two-term limit, paving the way for him to rule indefinitely.

UNI GNK SY SHK1744。中国空军的歼-16重型战斗机与埃及空军的法制“阵风”战机在埃及空域展开了1对1与2对2的基础性空战对抗。    中方飞行员在接受采访时提到，埃方飞行员训练作风严谨、配合默契、技战术素养过硬。    这番评价听起来客观得体，但大家千万别只把它当成一句普通的交流客套。这场对抗的核心看点，是中国空军第一次在境外真实的对抗环境中，与西方现役主流的“阵风”战斗机正面对决。        1、第一次正面交手，攒下的是拿钱买不到的真数据    在以往，我们对西方四代半战机的了解，大多停留在手册参数和模拟器推演上。

B |     埃及空军装备的这批“阵风”属于F3标准，配备的是RBE2无源相控阵雷达，虽然综合探测能力相比有源相控阵雷达有所限制，但它的飞行机动和多任务能力依然十分出色。    能在贴近实战的真实对抗中，直接采集到“阵风”战机的 雷达反射特征、机动包线以及电子战响应模式，这种机会可遇不可求。

C |         歼-16飞行员这次在几千公里之外拿到的，不是死板的理论数值，而是真实对手在真实电磁环境下飞出来的轨迹。这些核心数据，在家里练一百遍也模拟不出来。    2、阵容全面升级，展示的是完整的空战体系    对比去年的参演阵容，就能看出中国空军这次练兵的思路变了。在“文明之鹰-2025”联合训练中，中方派出的编队主要是歼-10C、空警-500以及运油-20。    而到了今年，中方直接把阵容升级为 歼-16战斗机、空警-500预警机、运-9电子战飞机以及直-20搜救直升机。        把运-9电子战飞机拉到境外参演，说明今年的训练重点不再是切磋单机动作，而是 聚焦于复杂电磁条件下的体系化制空作战。    从去年的侧重基础空战，扩展到今年的空战战术、制空作战、战斗搜救和兵力运用全科目，中方实际上在境外组建了一套从预警、电子干扰、重型打击到后勤搜救的全要素作战网络。    演练的本质，已经演变为展示如何依靠这套网络吃透空战全程。        3、戳破西方装备神话，看清“买得起玩不起”的硬伤    如果我们把视角放大到中东空域，就会发现埃及空军的装备构成非常有代表性。埃方手里拥有43架法制“阵风”战机和200多架美制F-16。看似阵容豪华，但使用起来却处处受制于人。    比如美制F-16被美方戴上了“紧箍咒”，根本无法获得超视距导弹和完整的电子战能力支持；而“阵风”战机单机性能虽然优秀，在缺乏整体电磁与预警体系支撑的情况下，战斗力也会大打折扣。

D |     买得起高端装备，却买不到全套战力，这是很多非西方大国空军共同面临的困境。        中国空军这次把预警机、电子战飞机和重型战斗机组合在一起拉到埃及，其实是给所有关注中东局势的国家做了一次现场演示。    对于那些买不起或者买不到五代机的国家来说，靠单机硬拼走不通，但依靠一套自主可控的空中体系，同样能打出代差优势。    4、军贸订单是打出来的，实战演示比PPT管用百倍    中方飞行员对埃方飞行员的认可，深层原因在于双方进行了高强度的真实对抗，并且切切实实拿到了珍贵的对抗数据。        更深层的逻辑在于， 军贸订单从来都是打出来的，而不是在谈判桌上谈出来的。很多西方装备买家在被强权限制弹药和软件功能后，早就在寻找新的出路。

E |     亲眼目睹中国空军展现出的全要素体系作战能力后，他们自然会重新思考未来的装备路线。    至于埃及这个平台，正逐渐成为中国空军展示体系化战斗力的关键支点。未来随着训练层次的继续升级，这场在北非上空展开的空战较量，还会带来更多深远的影响。

F | [微风]    

     信息来源：     中埃“文明之鹰-2026”空军联合训练迎来首个飞行日     2026-08-24 17:44环球网返回，查看更多    

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